Hello everyone, I'm a Student of The Department of English,M.K.B.U. This blog is based on the 20th Century's three movements like,Surrealism,Expressionism And Dadaism.
Thinking Activity based on 'Surrealism','Expressionism' and 'Dadaism' :-
The Early 20th Century was marked by rapid industrial, economic, social, and cultural change, which influenced the worldview of many and set the stage for new artistic movements.
Points to Ponder :-
Introduction
About 20th Century
Characteristics of the 20th Century
Movements of the 20th Century
Surrealism, Expressionism and Dadaism in detail
Conclusion
Introduction :-
The 20th (twentieth) century began on January 1, 1901 (MCMI), and ended on December 31, 2000 (MM). The 20th century was dominated by significant events that defined the modern era: Spanish flu pandemic, World War I and World War II, nuclear weapons, nuclear power and space exploration, nationalism and decolonization, the Cold War and post-Cold War conflicts, and technological advances. These reshaped the political and social structure of the globe.
The century saw a major shift in the way that many people lived, with changes in politics, ideology, economics, society, culture, science, technology, and medicine. The 20th century may have seen more technological and scientific progress than all the other centuries combined since the dawn of civilization. Terms like nationalism, globalism, environmentalism, ideology, world war, genocide, and nuclear war entered common usage.
Characteristics of the 20th Century :-
Modernist writers were influenced by such thinkers as Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx, amongst others, who raised questions about the rationality of the human mind.
Marked by a strong and intentional break with tradition. This break includes a strong reaction against established religious, political, and social views.
A central preoccupation of Modernism is with the inner self and consciousness.
The Modernist cares little for Nature, Being, or the overarching structures of history.
The “unreliable” narrator supplanted the omniscient, trustworthy narrator of preceding centuries, and readers were forced to question even the most basic assumptions about how the novel should operate.
There is no such thing as absolute truth. All things are relative.
Artistic Movements of this time :-
The 20th century saw a new era of visual artists who challenged the precedent art styles. Beauty and aesthetics gave way to abstraction, expression and symbolism. This metamorphosis formed numerous distinct and important art movements which presented a new type of aesthetic, some which overlap with or influenced the others. Below is a broad overview of the most influential visual art movements during the 20th century, excluding some of those shorter-lived or lesser known.
Artistic movements of this time :-
Fauvism (1905-1908)
Expressionism (~1905-1920)
Cubism (1907-1914)
Futurism (1909-1914)
Dadaism (1915-1924)
Surrealism (1924-1966)
Abstract Expressionism (1943-1965)
Pop Art (1950s-70s)
Minimalism (1960s-70s)
Postmodernism (1980s-current)
Fauvism (1905-1908)
Fauvism, a style of painting that flourished in France around the turn of the 20th century. Fauve artists used pure, brilliant colour aggressively applied straight from the paint tubes to create a sense of an explosion on the canvas.
Expressionism (~1905-1920)
A style of painting, music, or drama in which the artist or writer seeks to express the inner world of emotion rather than external reality.
Cubism (1907-1914)
An early 20th-century style and movement in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage.
Futurism (1909-1914)
An artistic movement began in Italy in 1909, which strongly rejected traditional forms and embraced the energy and dynamism of modern technology. Launched by Filippo Marinetti, it had effectively ended by 1918 but was widely influential, particularly in Russia on figures such as Malevich and Mayakovsky.
Dadaism (1915-1924)
A movement in art and literature based on deliberate irrationality and negation of traditional artistic values.
Fountain by Marcel Duchamp, 1917 (replica 1964)
Surrealism (1924-1966)
Surrealism is a cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists depicted unnerving, illogical scenes and developed techniques to allow the unconscious mind to express itself.
Abstract Expressionism (1943-1965)
Abstract expressionism is the term applied to new forms of abstract art developed by American painters such as Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko and Willem de Kooning in the 1940s and 1950s. It is often characterised by gestural brush-strokes or mark-making, and the impression of spontaneity.
Pop Art (1950s-70s)
Pop art is an art movement that emerged in the 1950s and flourished in the 1960s in America and Britain, drawing inspiration from sources in popular and commercial culture. Different cultures and countries contributed to the movement during the 1960s and 70s.
Minimalism (1960s-70s)
Minimalism focuses on lines, colours, and geometry instead of scenes or accurate depictions of nature. Because of this solid geometric element, it is sometimes called ABC Art.
Postmodernism (1980s-current)
Postmodern art is a body of art movements that sought to contradict some aspects of modernism or some aspects that emerged or developed in its aftermath. In general, movements such as intermedia, installation art, conceptual art and multimedia, particularly involving video are described as postmodern.
Surrealism, Expressionism andin detail :-
Surrealism
Highly influenced by Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis, Surrealism sought expression through the exploration of the unconscious mind. Its imagery was characterised by unsettling, dreamlike settings with juxtaposing and often deformed subject matter. Having developed from the avant-garde Dada movement, Surrealism began in Europe and expanded throughout the western world as a cultural, artistic and literary movement.
Known artists: André Breton, Salvador Dalí, Max Ernst, Frida Kahlo, Rene Magritte
Here is my Painting on Surrealism :-
Student's Paintings :-
Justification of my Painting :-
In this painting I try to draw one animal(the deer) but its head is like a human figure. In this painting I mingled both of the figures like the human head and the animal's(the deer) body. It can't be possible in our real life but both of the figures are real. Humans are also there in our life and animals(the deer) are also there in our real life but both cannot be mingled like this. That's why my Painting is Surrealistic.
Expressionism
Expressionism was a modernist movement, beginning with poetry and painting, that originated in Germany at the start of the 20th century. It emphasised subjective experience, manipulating perspective for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas. Expressionist artists sought to express meaning or emotional experience rather than physical reality.
Expressionism was developed as an avant-garde style before the First World War and remained popular during the Weimar Republic, particularly in Berlin. The style extended to a wide range of the arts, including painting, literature, theatre, dance, film, architecture, and music.
It can be characterised by evocative and emotional pieces that are typically abstract. The use of traditional representation was discarded in favour of communicating the emotion or meaning behind the work. This use of thematic rather than literal expression revolutionised western visual art and became an antecedent for many other 20th-century movements.
Known artists :- Edvard Munch, Egon Schiele, Paul Klee, Wassily Kandinsky,Die Brücke,Der Blaue Reiter.
Here is my Painting on Expressionism :-
Student's Paintings :-
Justification of my Painting :-
In this painting I try to draw a painting of a girl who is going to slip because of the heavy rain. Another interpretation is like this ,that the girl is going somewhere and rain is coming. Or we can say that a girl is enjoying ing the rain. So , my painting is express some expressions that's why we can consider this painting as a expressionistic painting.
Dadaism
Dada was an international art movement originating in the early 20th century. It created absurd, nihilistic and sometimes incomprehensible art. Dada blurred the lines between visual, performance, and literary arts.
It was led by artists like Hugo Ball, Marcel Duchamp and Sophie Tauber. Its legacy shook the art world quite possibly changed the definition of art itself.
Dada was developed during World War I in Zurich as an avant-garde, anti-art movement. It rejected and mocked the capitalist and nationalistic cultural climate of World War I, focusing instead on the irrational, nonsensical and absurd with strong anti-bourgeois overtones. The movement spread throughout Europe and the United States, echoing far-left radical thought and the overall discontentment with the violence of wartime.
Known artists :- Man Ray, Marcel Duchamp, Hans Arp, Hannah Höch, Tristan Tzara
Here is my Poem on Dadaism :-
Video based on Dadaism :-
Justification of my Poetry :-
This poem is created with the cutting of newspaper. This Poetry is made on 'Dadaism'. There is no meanings in this poetry , even I cannot got the meaning from this poem,though I create this poem. We can just give our interpretations on this poem that's why there is no meanings but another hand it has a numbers of meaning as per our interpretations. So , we can consider this poem as Dadaistic Poem.
Conclusion :-
To sum up, we can say that at the 20th Century Art is only the way of people through which they expresses their emotions and feelings. They were used different Art's to express their inner-voice. Lots of Artistic movements were developed at that time as a result of the World War.
Word Count :- 1515
Images :- 15
Videos :- 01
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Nice one 🙂👍
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